{"id":11325,"date":"2021-08-02T12:19:19","date_gmt":"2021-08-02T10:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/docs\/stl-soubory\/"},"modified":"2021-08-10T12:06:32","modified_gmt":"2021-08-10T10:06:32","slug":"stl-files","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/documents\/stl-files\/","title":{"rendered":"STL files"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Datov\u00fd form\u00e1t souboru STL je pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd standard pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed troj\u00faheln\u00edkov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt pro ulo\u017een\u00ed va\u0161ich 3D objekt\u016f t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v jak\u00e9mkoliv CAD syt\u00e9mu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli jeho univerz\u00e1lnosti a jednoduchosti je to prakticky jedin\u00e1 mo\u017enost p\u0159enosu dat mezi CAD model\u00e1\u0159i a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologi\u00ed Rapid Prototypingu, kterou vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Part2Print.cz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soubor STL tvo\u0159\u00ed jednoduch\u00fd seznam bod\u016f s jejich 3D sou\u0159adnicemi, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017edou \u0159\u00e1dku tvo\u0159\u00ed 3 body \u2013 tedy jeden troj\u00faheln\u00edk. Cel\u00e1 geometrie va\u0161eho objektu je pops\u00e1na pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmito troj\u00faheln\u00edky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_1.jpg\"><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_1.jpg\">Obr. 1 &#8211; 3D model tvo\u0159en\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 detailn\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed troj\u00faheln\u00edk\u016f (napravo)&nbsp;<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_1.jpg\">http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_1.jpg<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Form\u00e1t STL je sice univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed a jednoduch\u00fd ale, zato d\u00e1v\u00e1 obrovsk\u00fd prostor k chyb\u00e1m v souborech. Tyto chyby \u010dasto vznikaj\u00ed a\u017e p\u0159i exportu objektu do form\u00e1tu stl. Nej\u010dast\u011bji kop\u00edruj\u00ed a je\u0161t\u011b zesiluj\u00ed chyby v geometrii, a\u0165 u\u017e jsou va\u0161e data ve form\u00e1tu NURBS ploch nebo objekt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1\u0161 nahr\u00e1vac\u00ed modul na serveru Part2Print.cz si porad\u00ed s mno\u017estv\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch chyb, ale n\u011bjak\u00e9 chyby neoprav\u00ed. Pokud by se pak dostal chybn\u00fd model do v\u00fdroby, na\u0161e stoje by pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b po\u0161kodily n\u011bkolik cel\u00fdch vrstev, a tedy by to zna\u010dn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eilo kvalitu v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho prototypu. V\u011bt\u0161ina soubor\u016f se p\u0159ed v\u00fdrobou kontroluje, ale n\u011bkdy to mo\u017en\u00e9 nen\u00ed. Proto v\u00e1s pros\u00edm abyste, pokud mo\u017eno, prov\u00e1d\u011bli kontrolu a p\u0159\u00edpadnou opravu soubor\u016f je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed nahr\u00e1n\u00edm na n\u00e1\u0161 server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"jake_by_mely_byt_vysledne_parametry_souboru\">Jak\u00e9 by m\u011bly b\u00fdt v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 parametry souboru<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Stl soubory mus\u00ed b\u00fdt UZAV\u0158EN\u00c9<\/li><li>Stl soubor by m\u011bl obsahovat pouze jeden model v jednom souboru ( STL sv\u00edce modely sice vytiskneme ale \u010dasov\u00fd odhad a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem i cena bude v\u011bt\u0161inou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdyby modely byly rozlo\u017eeny ve v\u00edce souborech)<\/li><li>Stl nesm\u00ed obsahovat tzv. \u201eNoise shells\u201d ( troj\u00faheln\u00edky \u010di skupiny troj\u00faheln\u00edk\u016f nep\u0159ipojen\u00e9 ani jedn\u00edm bodem k hlavn\u00edmu modelu )<\/li><li>Model v stl nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt Dut\u00e9 ( Takov\u00fd model bychom sice byly schopni vytisknout ale nikoliv vy\u010distit od podp\u016frn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu a nikdo by ho nebyl schopn\u00fd bez roz\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed vyrobit) Modely kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed b\u00fdt dut\u00e9 roz\u0159\u00edzn\u011bte je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed nahr\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/li><li>Model by nem\u011bl m\u00edt \u0161patn\u00e9 hrany (hrany v\u0161ech troj\u00faheln\u00edk\u016f by mely b\u00fdt \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b spojeny se sousedn\u00edmi hranami)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed probl\u00e9my s STL soubory jsme v\u011bt\u0161inou schopni odstranit sami. Na serveru Part2Print.cz je naprogramov\u00e1na jednoduch\u00e1 automatick\u00e1 kontrola a oprava soubor\u016f. Tato oprava se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z propojen\u00ed \u0161patn\u00fdch hran, zapln\u011bn\u00ed d\u011br a srovn\u00e1n\u00ed orientace troj\u00faheln\u00edk\u016f (tzv. Norm\u00e1l ). Kontrola souboru je provedena a\u017e po n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 oprav\u011b a proto tedy i v\u011bt\u0161ina p\u016fvodn\u011b vadn\u00fdch soubor\u016f nehl\u00e1s\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 chyby. Proto, \u017ee je na serveru po nahr\u00e1n\u00ed provedena automatick\u00e1 oprava, je va\u0161\u00ed povinnost\u00ed si prohl\u00e9dnout vygenerovan\u00e9 n\u00e1hledy souboru. Mohlo by se toti\u017e st\u00e1t, \u017ee na\u0161e automatick\u00e1 oprava zm\u011bn\u00ed \u010di vyma\u017ee \u010d\u00e1st modelu tak, jak to nen\u00ed u\u017eivatelem po\u017eadov\u00e1no (Zat\u00edm se to tedy nestalo, ale to z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na m\u00ed\u0159e po\u0161kozen\u00ed nahran\u00e9ho souboru).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"jak_se_tedy_vyvarovat_chyb_jak_nasledne_soubory_zkontrolovat_a_jak_soubory_opravit\">Jak se tedy vyvarovat chyb. Jak n\u00e1sledn\u011b soubory zkontrolovat a jak soubory opravit?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rhinoceros je velice obl\u00edben\u00fdm programem pro tvorbu 3d model\u016f a umo\u017e\u0148uje pom\u011brn\u011b detailn\u00ed nastaven\u00ed exportu do STL form\u00e1tu (dostupn\u00fd na&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rhino3d.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.rhino3d.com<\/a>). Bohu\u017eel ale p\u0159i p\u0159evodu vznik\u00e1 pom\u011brn\u011b velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed chyb, kter\u00e9 se v\u011bt\u0161inou nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ji\u017e na geometrii modelu v NURBS ploch\u00e1ch. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee z\u00e1kladn\u00ed nastaven\u00ed tolerance spojen\u00ed dvou NURBS ploch je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tolerance pro export do STL \u2013 Potom tedy vznikaj\u00ed probl\u00e9my kdy v\u00e1\u0161 model se tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jako uzav\u0159en\u00fd a naprosto v po\u0159\u00e1dku, ale exportovan\u00fd stl model uzav\u0159en\u00fd nen\u00ed. P\u0159i bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed potom zjist\u00edte, \u017ee v m\u00edst\u011b kde je probl\u00e9m na STL modelu je probl\u00e9m i v NURBS ploch\u00e1ch kter\u00e9 jsou sice bl\u00edzko sebe, ale spojen\u00e9 nejsou, ov\u0161em Rhino je kuli sv\u00e9 toleranci bere jako spojen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1kladem p\u0159ed exportem modelu je zjistit jestli je uzav\u0159en\u00fd pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu \u201eShowEdges\u201c a zobrazen\u00edm \u201eNaked Edges\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Takt\u00e9\u017e je nezbytn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkaz \u201eSelBadObjects\u201c, kter\u00fd je dostupn\u00fd i z nab\u00eddky Analyze &gt; Diagnostics &gt; Select Bad objects. Tento p\u0159\u00edkaz pouze ozna\u010d\u00ed vadn\u00fd objekt, ale pokud je to slo\u017een\u00fd objekt a nikoliv plochy tak v\u00e1m neozna\u010d\u00ed m\u00edsto, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt \u0161patn\u00e9. Ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed m\u00edsta kde se chyba nach\u00e1z\u00ed, pou\u017eijte p\u0159\u00edkaz \u201eExtractBadSrf\u201c, nebo rozd\u011blte model pomoc\u00ed \u201eExplode\u201c a pou\u017eijte znovu \u201eSelBadObjects\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po exportu souboru do STL form\u00e1tu m\u00e1te tak\u00e9 mo\u017enost dal\u0161\u00ed kontroly, a to p\u0159\u00edkazem \u201eCheckMesh\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_2.jpg\"><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_2.jpg\">Obr. 2 \u2013 P\u0159\u00edklad CheckMesp v programu Rhinoceros 5&nbsp;<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_2.jpg\">http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_2.jpg<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Posledn\u00ed, n\u00e1m zn\u00e1mou mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak obej\u00edt probl\u00e9my s exportem do STL v Rhinoceros 4 je export modelu do form\u00e1tu IGES a pot\u00e9 znovu import do Rhinoceros. IGES form\u00e1t se postar\u00e1 o n\u011bkter\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s tolerancemi automaticky a n\u00e1sledn\u00fd export do STL souboru vygeneruje bezchybn\u00fd model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doporu\u010den\u00e9 hodnoty pro export modelu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Parametr<\/th><th>Hodnota<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Min Edge length<\/td><td>0.005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Max Edge length:<\/td><td>0.3 do 0.6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Max dist edge to srf:<\/td><td>0.001 do 0.005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>V\u0161e ostatn\u00ed:<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_3.jpg\"><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_3.jpg\">Obr. 3 \u2013 P\u0159\u00edklad nastaven\u00ed exportu do form\u00e1tu STL v Rhinoceros 5&nbsp;<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_3.jpg\">http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_3.jpg<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V Rhinoceros 4 je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt parametr \u201eDensity\u201c, kter\u00fd ud\u00e1v\u00e1 maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u00edl geometrie p\u0159ed a po exportu v procentech. Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 modely je takov\u00fdto export kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Parametr<\/th><th>Doporu\u010den\u00e1 hodnota<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Density:<\/td><td>0.99<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Min Edge length:<\/td><td>0.003<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Max Edge length:<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Max dist edge to srf:<\/td><td>(0.001 do 0.005) nebo 0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>V\u0161e ostatn\u00ed:<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina v\u00fdsledn\u00fdch model\u016f by m\u011bla m\u00edt od 10000 do 2000000 troj\u00faheln\u00edk\u016f. St\u0159edn\u011b komplikovan\u00fd prsten m\u00e1 potom okolo 100000 troj\u00faheln\u00edk\u016f a v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 bitov\u00e1 velikost v bin\u00e1rn\u00edm form\u00e1tu je okolo 10MB. Soubory v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 120MB nem\u016f\u017eeme syst\u00e9mem Part2Print.cz zpracovat. Pokud model mus\u00ed b\u00fdt skute\u010dn\u011b takto detailn\u00ed, je nutn\u00e9 n\u00e1s kontaktovat telefonicky nebo emailem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"oprava_stl_souboru\">Oprava STL soubor\u016f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud v\u00e1m n\u00e1\u0161 syst\u00e9m nahl\u00e1sil chyby, ale i preventivn\u011b, je vhodn\u00e9 modely zkontrolovat speci\u00e1ln\u00edm softwarem na anal\u00fdzu a opravu stl soubor\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00fd lep\u0161\u00ed CAD software m\u00e1 n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto kontroln\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f ji\u017e zabudovan\u00e1ch ov\u0161em jejich kvalita je sporn\u00e1. Dle na\u0161ich zku\u0161enost\u00ed jsou na trhu dva dobr\u00e9 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1stroje na opravu stl soubor\u016f a to Magics RP od firmy Materialise a nebo Netfabb studio od firmy Netfabb gmbh. Netfabb studio basic je zdarma ke sta\u017een\u00ed z internetov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek:&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.netfabb.com\/download.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.netfabb.com\/download.php<\/a>. N\u00e1strojem Netfabb Studio Basic m\u016f\u017eete stl soubor otev\u0159\u00edt, prov\u00e9st anal\u00fdzu a automaticky opravit chyby a pot\u00e9 opraven\u00fd stl soubor znovu vyexportovat. Oprava t\u00edmto n\u00e1strojem je velmi kvalitn\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 anal\u00fdza souboru v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee chyby lokalizovat a pro p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b se jim vyvarovat ji\u017e p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed CAD modelu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Datov\u00fd form\u00e1t souboru STL je pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd standard pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed troj\u00faheln\u00edkov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt pro ulo\u017een\u00ed va\u0161ich 3D objekt\u016f t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v jak\u00e9mkoliv CAD syt\u00e9mu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli jeho univerz\u00e1lnosti a jednoduchosti je to prakticky jedin\u00e1 mo\u017enost p\u0159enosu dat mezi CAD model\u00e1\u0159i a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologi\u00ed Rapid Prototypingu, kterou vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Part2Print.cz Soubor STL tvo\u0159\u00ed jednoduch\u00fd seznam bod\u016f s jejich 3D sou\u0159adnicemi, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017edou \u0159\u00e1dku tvo\u0159\u00ed 3 body \u2013 tedy jeden troj\u00faheln\u00edk. Cel\u00e1 geometrie va\u0161eho objektu je pops\u00e1na pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmito troj\u00faheln\u00edky. &nbsp;Obr. 1 &#8211; 3D model tvo\u0159en\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 detailn\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed troj\u00faheln\u00edk\u016f (napravo)&nbsp;http:\/\/order.part2print.cz\/images\/help\/help_3_1.jpg Form\u00e1t STL je sice univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed a jednoduch\u00fd ale, zato d\u00e1v\u00e1 obrovsk\u00fd prostor\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"doc_category":[241],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":5}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/11325"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11325"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/11325\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11325"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/part2print.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=11325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}